History of Ladino Music
Sephardic music, of course, has its roots in Jewish tradition and their homeland of the Iberian Peninsula. But as Sephardic Jews settled elsewhere, influences from those other countries have become intertwined in traditional ladino music. The lyrics of many of the songs were preserved and passed down through generations from the Sephardim originally from Spain and Portugal, but as they moved to different parts of the world, rhythms and melodies were lost and changed. In the Ottoman Empire, specifically, there was a policy of religious freedom, which allowed for the Sephardic Jews who settled there to preserve their culture, language, and songs for so long.
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| Call Stack | ||||
| # | Time | Memory | Function | Location |
| 1 | 0.0000 | 394032 | {main}( ) | .../index.php:0 |
| 2 | 0.0381 | 918264 | Omeka_Application->run( ) | .../index.php:23 |
| 3 | 0.0381 | 918264 | Zend_Application->run( ) | .../Application.php:73 |
| 4 | 0.0381 | 918264 | Zend_Application_Bootstrap_Bootstrap->run( ) | .../Application.php:384 |
| 5 | 0.0381 | 918264 | Zend_Controller_Front->dispatch( $request = ???, $response = ??? ) | .../Bootstrap.php:106 |
| 6 | 0.0407 | 1047592 | Zend_Controller_Dispatcher_Standard->dispatch( $request = class Zend_Controller_Request_Http { protected $_dispatched = TRUE; protected $_module = 'exhibit-builder'; protected $_moduleKey = 'module'; protected $_controller = 'exhibits'; protected $_controllerKey = 'controller'; protected $_action = 'show'; protected $_actionKey = 'action'; protected $_params = ['slug' => 'ladino-music', 'page_slug_1' => 'introduction-to-ladino-music', 'controller' => 'exhibits', 'action' => 'show', 'module' => 'exhibit-builder', 'page_slug_2' => '', 'page_slug_3' => '']; protected $_paramSources = [0 => '_GET', 1 => '_POST']; protected $_requestUri = '/online-exhibits/exhibits/show/ladino-music/introduction-to-ladino-music'; protected $_baseUrl = '/online-exhibits'; protected $_basePath = NULL; protected $_pathInfo = '/exhibits/show/ladino-music/introduction-to-ladino-music'; protected $_rawBody = NULL; protected $_aliases = [] }, $response = class Zend_Controller_Response_Http { protected $_body = []; protected $_exceptions = []; protected $_headers = []; protected $_headersRaw = []; protected $_httpResponseCode = 200; protected $_isRedirect = FALSE; protected $_renderExceptions = FALSE; public $headersSentThrowsException = TRUE } ) | .../Front.php:954 |
| 7 | 0.0415 | 1136864 | Zend_Controller_Action->dispatch( $action = 'showAction' ) | .../Standard.php:308 |
| 8 | 0.0445 | 1191320 | Zend_Controller_Action_HelperBroker->notifyPostDispatch( ) | .../Action.php:527 |
| 9 | 0.0445 | 1192080 | Zend_Controller_Action_Helper_ViewRenderer->postDispatch( ) | .../HelperBroker.php:277 |
| 10 | 0.0445 | 1192080 | Zend_Controller_Action_Helper_ViewRenderer->render( $action = ???, $name = ???, $noController = ??? ) | .../ViewRenderer.php:972 |
| 11 | 0.0447 | 1192128 | Zend_Controller_Action_Helper_ViewRenderer->renderScript( $script = 'exhibits/show.php', $name = NULL ) | .../ViewRenderer.php:933 |
| 12 | 0.0447 | 1192128 | Zend_View_Abstract->render( $name = 'exhibits/show.php' ) | .../ViewRenderer.php:912 |
| 13 | 0.0447 | 1208752 | Omeka_View->_run( '/www/www.lib/web/online-exhibits/themes/mlibrary_new/exhibit-builder/exhibits/show.php' ) | .../Abstract.php:889 |
| 14 | 0.0449 | 1215480 | include( '/www/www.lib/web/online-exhibits/themes/mlibrary_new/exhibit-builder/exhibits/show.php ) | .../View.php:114 |
| 15 | 0.0809 | 1439656 | mlibrary_new_render_exhibit_page( $page = class ExhibitPage { public $id = 3393; private ${Omeka_Record_AbstractRecord}_errors = class Omeka_Validate_Errors { }; protected $_cache = ['ExhibitPageBlocks' => [...]]; protected $_mixins = [0 => class Mixin_Slug { ... }, 1 => class Mixin_Search { ... }, 2 => class Mixin_Timestamp { ... }]; protected $_db = class Omeka_Db { public $prefix = 'omeka_'; protected $_adapter = class Zend_Db_Adapter_Mysqli { ... }; protected $_tables = [...]; private $_logger = NULL }; protected $_related = ['ExhibitPageBlocks' => 'getPageBlocks']; protected $_postData = NULL; private ${Omeka_Record_AbstractRecord}_locked = FALSE; private ${Omeka_Record_AbstractRecord}_eventCallbacks = [0 => 'beforeSave', 1 => 'afterSave', 2 => 'beforeDelete', 3 => 'afterDelete']; private ${Omeka_Record_AbstractRecord}_pluginBroker = NULL; public $parent_id = NULL; public $exhibit_id = 264; public $slug = 'introduction-to-ladino-music'; public $title = 'History of Ladino Music'; public $short_title = ''; public $order = 1; public $added = '2021-07-14 16:43:52'; public $modified = '2021-08-23 13:00:56'; private $_fixChildrenOnDelete = TRUE } ) | .../show.php:63 |
| 16 | 0.0809 | 1456168 | exhibit_builder_render_exhibit_page( $exhibitPage = class ExhibitPage { public $id = 3393; private ${Omeka_Record_AbstractRecord}_errors = class Omeka_Validate_Errors { }; protected $_cache = ['ExhibitPageBlocks' => [...]]; protected $_mixins = [0 => class Mixin_Slug { ... }, 1 => class Mixin_Search { ... }, 2 => class Mixin_Timestamp { ... }]; protected $_db = class Omeka_Db { public $prefix = 'omeka_'; protected $_adapter = class Zend_Db_Adapter_Mysqli { ... }; protected $_tables = [...]; private $_logger = NULL }; protected $_related = ['ExhibitPageBlocks' => 'getPageBlocks']; protected $_postData = NULL; private ${Omeka_Record_AbstractRecord}_locked = FALSE; private ${Omeka_Record_AbstractRecord}_eventCallbacks = [0 => 'beforeSave', 1 => 'afterSave', 2 => 'beforeDelete', 3 => 'afterDelete']; private ${Omeka_Record_AbstractRecord}_pluginBroker = NULL; public $parent_id = NULL; public $exhibit_id = 264; public $slug = 'introduction-to-ladino-music'; public $title = 'History of Ladino Music'; public $short_title = ''; public $order = 1; public $added = '2021-07-14 16:43:52'; public $modified = '2021-08-23 13:00:56'; private $_fixChildrenOnDelete = TRUE } ) | .../custom.php:693 |
| 17 | 0.0826 | 1458504 | Zend_View_Abstract->__call( $name = 'partial', $args = [0 => 'exhibit_layouts/single-image/layout.php', 1 => ['index' => 1, 'options' => [...], 'text' => NULL, 'attachments' => [...], 'block' => class ExhibitPageBlock { ... }]] ) | .../ExhibitPageFunctions.php:33 |
| 18 | 0.0826 | 1458504 | Zend_View_Helper_Partial->partial( $name = 'exhibit_layouts/single-image/layout.php', $module = ['index' => 1, 'options' => [], 'text' => NULL, 'attachments' => [0 => class ExhibitBlockAttachment { ... }], 'block' => class ExhibitPageBlock { public $id = 5983; private ${Omeka_Record_AbstractRecord}_errors = class Omeka_Validate_Errors { ... }; protected $_cache = [...]; protected $_mixins = [...]; protected $_db = class Omeka_Db { ... }; protected $_related = [...]; protected $_postData = NULL; private ${Omeka_Record_AbstractRecord}_locked = FALSE; private ${Omeka_Record_AbstractRecord}_eventCallbacks = [...]; private ${Omeka_Record_AbstractRecord}_pluginBroker = NULL; public $page_id = 3393; public $layout = 'single-image'; public $options = NULL; public $text = NULL; public $order = 2 }], $model = ??? ) | .../Abstract.php:350 |
| 19 | 0.0826 | 1460224 | Zend_View_Abstract->render( $name = 'exhibit_layouts/single-image/layout.php' ) | .../Partial.php:109 |
| 20 | 0.0826 | 1476896 | Omeka_View->_run( '/www/www.lib/web/online-exhibits/plugins/BlogLayout/views/shared/exhibit_layouts/single-image/layout.php' ) | .../Abstract.php:889 |
| 21 | 0.0827 | 1478560 | include( '/www/www.lib/web/online-exhibits/plugins/BlogLayout/views/shared/exhibit_layouts/single-image/layout.php ) | .../View.php:114 |
| 22 | 0.0827 | 1479312 | Zend_View_Abstract->__call( $name = 'exhibitAttachment', $args = [0 => class ExhibitBlockAttachment { public $id = 15399; private ${Omeka_Record_AbstractRecord}_errors = class Omeka_Validate_Errors { ... }; protected $_cache = [...]; protected $_mixins = [...]; protected $_db = class Omeka_Db { ... }; protected $_related = [...]; protected $_postData = NULL; private ${Omeka_Record_AbstractRecord}_locked = FALSE; private ${Omeka_Record_AbstractRecord}_eventCallbacks = [...]; private ${Omeka_Record_AbstractRecord}_pluginBroker = NULL; public $block_id = 5983; public $item_id = 9471; public $file_id = NULL; public $caption = '<p>Triphonia. "Sephardic Ballad: Tres hermanicas eran". <span>Orchard Enterprises. 2000-09-03, <a href="Triphonia.%20">https://lib.mivideo.it.umich.edu/media/t/1_1oq4bqx9</a>. </span></p>'; public $order = 1 }, 1 => ['imageSize' => 'fullsize']] ) | .../layout.php:12 |
| 23 | 0.0828 | 1480832 | ExhibitBuilder_View_Helper_ExhibitAttachment->exhibitAttachment( $attachment = class ExhibitBlockAttachment { public $id = 15399; private ${Omeka_Record_AbstractRecord}_errors = class Omeka_Validate_Errors { }; protected $_cache = []; protected $_mixins = []; protected $_db = class Omeka_Db { public $prefix = 'omeka_'; protected $_adapter = class Zend_Db_Adapter_Mysqli { ... }; protected $_tables = [...]; private $_logger = NULL }; protected $_related = ['Item' => 'getItem', 'File' => 'getFile']; protected $_postData = NULL; private ${Omeka_Record_AbstractRecord}_locked = FALSE; private ${Omeka_Record_AbstractRecord}_eventCallbacks = [0 => 'beforeSave', 1 => 'afterSave', 2 => 'beforeDelete', 3 => 'afterDelete']; private ${Omeka_Record_AbstractRecord}_pluginBroker = NULL; public $block_id = 5983; public $item_id = 9471; public $file_id = NULL; public $caption = '<p>Triphonia. "Sephardic Ballad: Tres hermanicas eran". <span>Orchard Enterprises. 2000-09-03, <a href="Triphonia.%20">https://lib.mivideo.it.umich.edu/media/t/1_1oq4bqx9</a>. </span></p>'; public $order = 1 }, $fileOptions = ['imageSize' => 'fullsize'], $linkProps = ???, $forceImage = ???, $showTitle = ??? ) | .../Abstract.php:350 |
| 24 | 0.0900 | 1617664 | apply_filters( $name = 'exhibit_attachment_markup', $value = '<a href="/online-exhibits/exhibits/show/ladino-music/item/9471" class="exhibit-item-link">Sephardic Ballad: Tres hermanicas eran</a><div class="slide-meta"><div class="exhibit-item-caption"><p>Triphonia. "Sephardic Ballad: Tres hermanicas eran". <span>Orchard Enterprises. 2000-09-03, <a href="Triphonia.%20">https://lib.mivideo.it.umich.edu/media/t/1_1oq4bqx9</a>. </span></p></div></div>', $args = ['attachment' => class ExhibitBlockAttachment { public $id = 15399; private ${Omeka_Record_AbstractRecord}_errors = class Omeka_Validate_Errors { ... }; protected $_cache = [...]; protected $_mixins = [...]; protected $_db = class Omeka_Db { ... }; protected $_related = [...]; protected $_postData = NULL; private ${Omeka_Record_AbstractRecord}_locked = FALSE; private ${Omeka_Record_AbstractRecord}_eventCallbacks = [...]; private ${Omeka_Record_AbstractRecord}_pluginBroker = NULL; public $block_id = 5983; public $item_id = 9471; public $file_id = NULL; public $caption = '<p>Triphonia. "Sephardic Ballad: Tres hermanicas eran". <span>Orchard Enterprises. 2000-09-03, <a href="Triphonia.%20">https://lib.mivideo.it.umich.edu/media/t/1_1oq4bqx9</a>. </span></p>'; public $order = 1 }, 'fileOptions' => ['imageSize' => 'fullsize'], 'linkProps' => [], 'forceImage' => FALSE] ) | .../ExhibitAttachment.php:74 |
| 25 | 0.0900 | 1617664 | Omeka_Plugin_Broker->applyFilters( $name = 'exhibit_attachment_markup', $value = '<a href="/online-exhibits/exhibits/show/ladino-music/item/9471" class="exhibit-item-link">Sephardic Ballad: Tres hermanicas eran</a><div class="slide-meta"><div class="exhibit-item-caption"><p>Triphonia. "Sephardic Ballad: Tres hermanicas eran". <span>Orchard Enterprises. 2000-09-03, <a href="Triphonia.%20">https://lib.mivideo.it.umich.edu/media/t/1_1oq4bqx9</a>. </span></p></div></div>', $args = ['attachment' => class ExhibitBlockAttachment { public $id = 15399; private ${Omeka_Record_AbstractRecord}_errors = class Omeka_Validate_Errors { ... }; protected $_cache = [...]; protected $_mixins = [...]; protected $_db = class Omeka_Db { ... }; protected $_related = [...]; protected $_postData = NULL; private ${Omeka_Record_AbstractRecord}_locked = FALSE; private ${Omeka_Record_AbstractRecord}_eventCallbacks = [...]; private ${Omeka_Record_AbstractRecord}_pluginBroker = NULL; public $block_id = 5983; public $item_id = 9471; public $file_id = NULL; public $caption = '<p>Triphonia. "Sephardic Ballad: Tres hermanicas eran". <span>Orchard Enterprises. 2000-09-03, <a href="Triphonia.%20">https://lib.mivideo.it.umich.edu/media/t/1_1oq4bqx9</a>. </span></p>'; public $order = 1 }, 'fileOptions' => ['imageSize' => 'fullsize'], 'linkProps' => [], 'forceImage' => FALSE] ) | .../globals.php:324 |
| 26 | 0.0900 | 1618040 | mlibrary_new_exhibit_builder_attachment( $html = '<a href="/online-exhibits/exhibits/show/ladino-music/item/9471" class="exhibit-item-link">Sephardic Ballad: Tres hermanicas eran</a><div class="slide-meta"><div class="exhibit-item-caption"><p>Triphonia. "Sephardic Ballad: Tres hermanicas eran". <span>Orchard Enterprises. 2000-09-03, <a href="Triphonia.%20">https://lib.mivideo.it.umich.edu/media/t/1_1oq4bqx9</a>. </span></p></div></div>', $compact = ['attachment' => class ExhibitBlockAttachment { public $id = 15399; private ${Omeka_Record_AbstractRecord}_errors = class Omeka_Validate_Errors { ... }; protected $_cache = [...]; protected $_mixins = [...]; protected $_db = class Omeka_Db { ... }; protected $_related = [...]; protected $_postData = NULL; private ${Omeka_Record_AbstractRecord}_locked = FALSE; private ${Omeka_Record_AbstractRecord}_eventCallbacks = [...]; private ${Omeka_Record_AbstractRecord}_pluginBroker = NULL; public $block_id = 5983; public $item_id = 9471; public $file_id = NULL; public $caption = '<p>Triphonia. "Sephardic Ballad: Tres hermanicas eran". <span>Orchard Enterprises. 2000-09-03, <a href="Triphonia.%20">https://lib.mivideo.it.umich.edu/media/t/1_1oq4bqx9</a>. </span></p>'; public $order = 1 }, 'fileOptions' => ['imageSize' => 'fullsize'], 'linkProps' => [], 'forceImage' => FALSE] ) | .../Broker.php:266 |
| 27 | 0.0941 | 1641544 | exhibit_builder_link_to_exhibit_item( $text = '<img class="image-card" alt="Sephardic Ballad: Tres hermanicas eran" src="https://cdnsecakmi.kaltura.com/p/1038472/thumbnail/entry_id/1_1oq4bqx9/width/400/height/400/type/1/quality/100/"/>', $props = '', $item = class Item { public $id = 9471; private ${Omeka_Record_AbstractRecord}_errors = class Omeka_Validate_Errors { }; protected $_cache = []; protected $_mixins = [0 => class Mixin_Tag { ... }, 1 => class Mixin_Owner { ... }, 2 => class Mixin_ElementText { ... }, 3 => class Mixin_PublicFeatured { ... }, 4 => class Mixin_Timestamp { ... }, 5 => class Mixin_Search { ... }]; protected $_db = class Omeka_Db { public $prefix = 'omeka_'; protected $_adapter = class Zend_Db_Adapter_Mysqli { ... }; protected $_tables = [...]; private $_logger = NULL }; protected $_related = ['Collection' => 'getCollection', 'TypeMetadata' => 'getTypeMetadata', 'Type' => 'getItemType', 'Tags' => 'getTags', 'Files' => 'getFiles', 'ItemTypeElements' => 'getItemTypeElements', 'ElementTexts' => 'getAllElementTexts']; protected $_postData = NULL; private ${Omeka_Record_AbstractRecord}_locked = FALSE; private ${Omeka_Record_AbstractRecord}_eventCallbacks = [0 => 'beforeSave', 1 => 'afterSave', 2 => 'beforeDelete', 3 => 'afterDelete']; private ${Omeka_Record_AbstractRecord}_pluginBroker = NULL; public $item_type_id = 15; public $collection_id = 140; public $featured = 0; public $public = 1; public $added = '2021-07-13 11:36:20'; public $modified = '2021-08-06 16:21:48'; public $owner_id = 465; private $_files = [] } ) | .../custom.php:602 |